Ralph Elliott

Ralph Warren Victor Elliott, AM (born Rudolf W. H. V. Ehrenberg; 14 August 1921 – 24 June 2012) was a German-born Australian professor of English, and a runologist.

Elliott was born Rudolf W. H. V. Ehrenberg in Berlin, Germany, on 14 August 1921, the son of Margarete (Landecker) and Kurt Phillip Rudolf Ehrenberg, an architect. Rudolf's father was of half Jewish and half German Lutheran background, and his mother was Jewish. His paternal grandfather was the distinguished jurist Victor Gabriel Ehrenberg and his paternal grandmother was the daughter of Rudolf von Jhering. Through his father, Elliott was a first cousin, once removed, of singer Olivia Newton-John. The family moved to Karlsruhe in 1931, and Rudolf attended the Bismarck Gymnasium there from the ages of ten to sixteen. Because of the dangers that his family were facing under the Nazi regime, Kurt Ehrenberg decided it was best for his family to leave Germany. His eldest daughter married and emigrated to the United States. Rudolf and his younger sister, Lena, were sent to live with their uncle, the Nobel Prize-winning physicist Max Born, in Edinburgh. Rudolf's parents managed to escape to Britain two weeks before the outbreak of the Second World War.

Rudolf Ehrenberg enrolled at the University of St Andrews in 1939, where he gained a medallion for General English in 1940. Later the same year he was interned and sent to an internment camp in the Isle of Man and then in Canada, only to be allowed to return to Britain ten months later to join an Alien Pioneer Company. Rudolf Ehrenberg changed his name to Ralph Warren Victor Elliott on 12 May 1943. After officer training at Sandhurst he was awarded the Sword of Honour (actually a medallion because of wartime shortages). With the rank of lieutenant, he was posted to the Leicestershire Regiment, and then to the Manchester Regiment in April 1945. He was severely wounded in combat in the Teutoburg Forest, and nearly died before being rescued several hours later.

After the end of the war, Elliott resumed his studies at St Andrews, where he graduated in 1949. He taught at St Andrews for a while, before moving to the newly created University College of North Staffordshire, where he wrote an influential introduction to the runic script that was published in 1959. He emigrated to Australia, with his family (his wife, Margaret Robinson, and three children) and his father, where he took up a post teaching Old English and Middle English at the University of Adelaide, rising to the position of professor. He was appointed as Foundation Professor of English at Flinders University in Adelaide in 1966. He later accepted the position of Master of University House at the Australian National University in Canberra, where he remained until retirement. During this time he published books on Chaucer's English (1974) and Thomas Hardy's English (1984).

He died in Canberra on 24 June 2012.

Ralph also wrote a book on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, a topic that had interested him since his time at Staffordshire a quarter of a century earlier, when he wrote an essay "Sir Gawain in Staffordshire: A Detective Essay in Literary Geography" that appeared in The Times on 21 May 1958. He located the chapel the knight searches for near ("two myle henne" v1078) the old manor house at Swythamley Park at the bottom of a valley ("bothm of the brem valay" v2145) on a hillside ("loke a littel on the launde, on thi lyfte honde" v2147) in a large fissure ("an olde caue,/or a creuisse of an olde cragge" v2182-83).

In 1990 he was made a Member of the Order of Australia in recognition of "service to the community and to education". In 2001 he was awarded the Centenary Medal for "service to Australian society and the humanities in the history of the English language". In 2005 he published a short autobiography entitled One Life, Two Languages.

• 1959. Runes: an Introduction. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 2nd edition, 1989. ISBN 978-0-7190-0787-3
• 1974. Chaucer's English. London: Deutsch. ISBN 0-233-96539-4
• 1984. Thomas Hardy's English. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-13659-2
• 1984. The Gawain Country. Leeds Texts and Monographs New series vol.8. Leeds: University of Leeds.
• 2005. "One Life, Two Languages". In Oizumi, Akio and Kubouchi, Tadao (eds.), Medieval English language scholarship: autobiographies by representative scholars in our discipline. Hildesheim.