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Matthias Ephlias (Greek: Ματθίας ό Ήφλίον, Ήφλίον Ephlias was his Greek epithet, flourished second half of the 2nd century BC and the first half of the 1st century BC) was an ethnic Jew living in Jerusalem.
The meaning of Matthias' epithet is obscure. His epithet could mean ‘Handsome’ from the Hebrew language or ‘son of Ephesus’ from the Greek language, as he was sometimes known as ‘Matthias of Ephesus’. For Matthias to obtain his epithet reveals he may have been a distinguished Jew.
Matthias was one of the nine children born to Simon Psellus. Matthias came from a wealthy family of priestly descent. His father served as a priest in the Temple in Jerusalem. Through his father, Matthias belonged to the priestly order of the Jehoiarib, which was the first of the twenty four-orders of Priests in the Temple in Jerusalem.
Matthias became a Priest serving in the Temple in Jerusalem and married the daughter of High Priest Jonathon. There is a possibility that Jonathon may have been Alexander Jannaeus, the High Priest and Hasmonean ruler who governed Judea from 103 BC-76 BC who was the second husband of Salome Alexandra. Alexander Jannaeus was also known as Jonathon.
His unnamed Jewish wife bore him a son, Matthias Curtus. Through his son, Matthias was an ancestor of the Roman Jewish Historian of the 1st century, Flavius Josephus.