Kārlis Baumanis

Karl Yanovich Bauman (Russian: Карл Янович Бауман, Latvian: Kārlis Baumanis; August 29, 1892 – October 14, 1937) was a Latvian-born politician of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He was born in Viļķene Parish, Kreis Wolmar, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire. He was a member of the Central Committee elected by the 17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), the Orgburo, and the Politburo. He was appointed head of the Science and Scientific-technological Discoveries Department on May 13, 1935.

On April 14, 1937, he was removed from his post. During the Great Purge, as a part of the so-called "Latvian Operation", he was arrested on October 12, 1937, and died in Lefortovo Prison, Moscow two days later after a brutal interrogation. After the death of Joseph Stalin in 1953, he was rehabilitated (posthumously exonerated).