Hans-Günther Thalheim

Hans-Günther Thalheim (born 5 May 1924) is a German professor of German language and linguistics and of Literary sciences. He is also a writer and literary editor.

Thalheim was born in Chemnitz, in the southern part of what was then central Germany. His father was a public official. He successfully undertook his school final exams in 1943 and in 1943/44 performed substitute national service by working as a teacher in Carinthia. He also undertook a period of study involving German literature, history pedagogy and philosophy at Freiburg university in the south-west of the country, where his teachers included Walter Rehm and Martin Heidegger.

Despite a serious eye-sight defect, in 1944 he had to work in a Chemnitz munitions factory. He was then sent to work at the secret rocket research facility at Peenemünde where he remained till the first part of 1945. At the end of the war he was captured in Leipzig and spent time as a prisoner of war, held by the US army and then by the French army. He was released in 1946 and returned to Chemnitz. The slaughter of war had left the country with a desperate shortage of teaches, and in order to address this a "New Teacher" accelerated on-the-job training scheme had been established. Thalheim qualified through the scheme between 1946 and 1948 and obtained a post at a secondary school, teaching German and History. In 1948 he relocated the short distance to Leipzig where till 1951 he resumed his university level education, at the same time working as a teacher at one of the Workers' and Farmers' Colleges (de) that the authorities had set up in what had been, since May 1945, administered as the Soviet occupation zone in what had been Germany.

After a brief spell working for the national higher education secretariat in Berlin, between 1951 and 1957 Thalheim lived and worked in Weimar. Initially he was employed at the Goethe and Schiller archive (de) as a senior research assistant to Gerhard Scholz. In 1954 he received his doctorate for a dissertation on Griechenlandbild by the eighteenth century Hellenist scholar Winckelmann. From 1954 he and Louis Fürnberg jointly produced the Weimarer Beiträge (de), which quickly became a respected literary journal. The focus of the journal, which appeared four times each year was the Weimar classicist movement. Fürnberg died young in 1957: Thalheim remained the journal's publishing editor till 1963.

Between 1957 and 1964 he taught as Professor for Modern German Literature at Berlin's Humboldt University. Meanwhile he obtained his own habilitation (qualification ) in 1961 for work on Friedrich Schiller. At the end of 1964 Thalheim accepted an offer to switch to the (East) German Academy of Sciences nearby. There he became Director of the Institute for German Language and Literature. However, he remained at The Academy only till 1968, due to internal reforms within the institution. From 1967 he was working on research for an Encyclopaedia for a Marxist History of Literature, and was chairman of the project's editorial collective. Work on the project, which dealt with German writers of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, would last till 1979, although the volumes of the Encyclopaedia started to appear in 1973.

After retiring in 1989, Hans-Günther Thalheim continued to live in Berlin.

Although Thalheim's career embraced a wide spectrum of literary research, his speciality remained the eighteenth century, and in particular the Sturm und Drang phase of the German classicist movement. At the heart of that was almost fifty years of work on Friedrich Schiller, whose work had been the basis for his habilitation dissertation in 1961, but he also made major contributions on Winckelmann, Goethe and Kleist.

His literary approach was enriched by insights into historical context: his linguistic and stylistic analyses included reflections on the political and social contradictions of the periods in which works were created.

• 1976: National Prize of East Germany
• 1987: Lessing Prize
• 1989: Johannes Stroux medal