Freydun Atturaya

Freydon Bet-Abram Atoraya (Syriac: ܦ̮ܪܝܕܢ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ‎; Freydon the Assyrian) (1891 – 1926) was an Assyrian physician born in the town of Charbash in the district of Urmia in Iran. He was sent by his father to live with an uncle in Tbilisi, then in the Russian Empire, and studied medicine there.
He worked as a medical doctor for the Russian Army as soon as he graduated in 1915. He was later transferred to the Russian Forces in Iran as a medical and political officer, and established an Assyrian National Committee in Urmia, sending 250 young Assyrian men to Russia for military training. Alongside his military and political career, he wrote poems and founded an Assyrian magazine and an Assyrian library.

After the February 1917 Russian revolution, Freydon Atoraya, Benjamin Bet Arsanis and Baba Bet Parhad founded the first Assyrian political party, the Assyrian Socialist Party. Atoraya completed in April 1917 an Urmia Manifesto of the United Free Assyria in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, stating in it that "the goal of the free Assyrian unity is to establish in the future the national self-governing in the regions like Urmia, Mosul, Turabdin, Nisibin, Jezira, Julamaerk along with the reunification with the great free Russia in terms of economic and military agreements".

After 1918, the Assyrian National Council which he ran moved to Tbilisi and he was ousted, then imprisoned, under suspicion of being a British spy. After a failed attempt in 1921 to convince the Soviet Foreign minister to repatriate Assyrians to Urmia and Salamis, he married in 1922, and subsequently had two children. He was imprisoned again in 1924 under the accusation of being "a fanatic Assyrian nationalist". He died in prison in 1926, probably poisoned or hanged.

Henri Charr, a Hollywood filmmaker from the same Urmiah suburb as Freydun Atturaya, has produced for release Spring, 2015, a docudrama based on archives from the CHEKA (Soviet pre-curser of the KGB) station in Tiflis that arrested, interrogated, and eventually eliminated Freydun Atturaya. The film documents the struggle of Assyrians, facing annihilation by Ottoman armies and their Kurdish allies during World War I in what became recognized as a genocide, to form an independent safe haven as had the Armenians and eventually, the Jews. The docudrama is called "A Man Before His Time: the Unsung Life of Freydun Atouraya." It is funded by the Assyrian diaspora community led by the Assyrian Universal Alliance Foundation, based in Chicago.