Clayton Jacobson II

Clayton Jacobson II (October 12, 1933) is the Norwegian American inventor credited with the inventing the jet ski.

Early life

Jacobson as a teenager

The Jacobson family had mostly moved to the American West Coast by the early 1930s after having originally immigrated to Northfield, Minnesota from Norway.

Clayton Junior Jacobson or Clayton Jacobson II was born in Multnomah County Hospital, Portland, OR on October 12, 1933 to Clayton Jacobson and Sarah Fauntelle Shrock.

By the mid-1940s Jacobson, his parents and his sister Carmen had made their way to what they referred to as the promised land, Southern California.

In addition to his studies in physics and engineering while at Manual Arts High School and Los Angeles City College, Jacobson spent much of his time bodybuilding, street racing and working at an automotive garage.

Having had a strong fascination with airplanes and flying while growing up, Jacobson joined the Marine Corps Reserve (Air Corps) in an effort to work closely with the jets at Los Alamitos Army Airfield (formerly Los Alamitos Naval Airstation) and to learn drafting and jet engine technology.

Before the Jet Ski

Jacobson with family

Jacobson went to work in wholesale food for a short while, and while doing so met his would be wife Dianne, with whom he'd have four children: Karen, Margo, Clayton 3 and Tava.

Jacobson left the food business to begin working with Diane's father at his savings and loan.

He moved the family to Palos Verdes, CA and became heavily involved in motocross racing.

Invention of the Jet Ski

"...that's me #597 racing the day I invented the jet ski. What happened was, I fell down somewhere along in this day and abraded my arm, gravel road rash on my arm, my shoulder and my neck. We stopped at an irrigation ditch on the way home, have a beer, burn one and get the gravel out."

During the early 1960s Jacobson had become a very serious motorcycle racer and frequently found himself in the Mojave Desert heat while riding. One somewhat dangerous way to beat the heat and gain some psychological advantage was to ride with no padded leather jumper or sleeves.

One day on the way home after a minor crash on the racetrack, Jacobson found himself taking a break in an irrigation ditch to have a beer with a friend while picking the gravel out of his wounds and lamenting that there had to be a way to enjoy the exhilaration and excitement of a motorcycle without the inherent danger of falling onto hard ground at high speeds.

That night Jacobson sketched his "motorcycle for the water"; which, at the time, looked like a sort of powered water ski.

Personal watercraft development

• Stand-up:

The first prototype

By the mid 1960s Jacobson had quit his work in finance to pursue developing his jet ski concept full-time. The first prototype was up and running by 1965.

This fixed-handlepole, stand-up design was constructed out of aluminum and powered by a Westbend two-stroke driving a Berkeley jet pump.

A second prototype, built in 1966, caught the attention of what was, at the time, primarily a snow-mobile manufacturer, Bombardier Recreational Products; and prompted the licensing of Jacobson's patents for the sit-down version of his jet-propelled personal watercraft that would become the Sea-Doo.

In all, Jacobson would eventually build 12 different stand-up prototypes. His development of the stand-up models continued through the late 1960s and early 1970s resulting in additional patents for a pivoting handlepole and a self-righting function.

• Sit-down:

A 320cc Rotax engine was used for development.

The Rotax engine required a larger planing surface and sufficient induction for its air cooling, so Jacobson developed an entirely new sit-down model to adapt.

Jacobson applied for a patent on the sit-down model in February 1968 and received the patent a year later in February 1969.

Licensing

Sit-down prototype

• Bombardier:

Bombardier entered a licensing agreement with Jacobson for his sit-down personal watercraft patents in order to produce their first model of Sea-Doo, which was produced from 1968 to 1970.

• Kawasaki:

Jacobson's agreement with Bombardier prevented him from entering into any other licensing agreement until 1971, at which point he entered into an exclusive agreement to license his patents and development on the stand-up models to Kawasaki.

By this point Jacobson was on his 7th prototype stand-up model.

Kawasaki introduced the first production stand-up Jet Ski in 1973.

In 1976 Kawasaki sent a letter of intent to end their agreement with Jacobson, which resulted in legal dispute and the loss of Kawasaki's licenses' exclusivity.

• Yamaha:

In 1986 Jacobson entered a decade-long contract with Yamaha Motor Company, signing as a consultant to their water vehicle division.

This agreement included royalties on Yamaha's Super Jet.

Later life

In 2013 Jacobson published an autobiography.