Yuan Kay-shan

Yuen Kay Shan (Chinese: 阮奇山; Cantonese Yale: Yún Kèih Sāan; pinyin: Ruǎn Qí Shān) nicknamed 阮老揸 (Cantonese Yale: Yún Lóuh Jā; pinyin: Ruǎn Lǎo Zhā)was a master in the martial art of Wing Chun. The youngest of five brothers, he became known as "Foshan Yuen Lo Jia" (Yuen the Fifth of Foshan).He was the fifth child of wealthy firework monopoly owner Yuen Chong Ming, and was known as an undefeated death duel champion in Foshan during the 1920-1950s representing the Wing Chun.

Yuen's family ancestral estate home was named Song Yuen (Mulberry Gardens), and located in Foshan, China. Initially, Kay Shan's father paid for him and his older brother Yuen Chai-Wan to become students of Fok Bo-Chuen (Chinese: 霍保全; Cantonese Yale: Fok Bóu Chyùhn; pinyin: Huò Bǎoquán; also transliterated "Kwok Bo-Chuen").

Yuen Kay Shan and his older brother (Yuen Chai Wan) or Nguyễn Tế Công had developed an interest in the martial arts. Yuen Kay Shan's older brother Yuen Chai Wan was known as "Pock Skin Chai" and later became the founder of Yiu Choi and Vietnamese Branches of Wing Chun. Their father Yuen Chong Ming housed and paid a large sum of money toimperial constable Fok Bo Chuen to teach both of the Yuen brothers Wing Chun. From Fok Bo Chuen, Yuen Kay Shan learned all the extensive open hand patterns in Wing Chun, he structured them into and created three forms, Siu Lien Tau, Chum Kiu and the Biu Jee. In addition he mastered the knives, six and a half point pole and the flying darts. He had also been taught the Wooden Dummy, Bamboo Dummy and several different jong variations, as well as Red Sand Palm.

Later, Ma Bok-Leung, Jiu Gan-Heung, Lo Hao-Po, Ng Ngau Si, Leung Yan as well as Yuen Kay Shan and his brother, invited Fung Siu-Ching to come and teach.Fung stayed at the Yuen ancestral home, where the two brothers combined the teachings of their past and present teacher.From Fung Siu Ching they learned his skills in close body applications which included the kum Na, Fa Kum Na, body wrapping, sweeping, breaking and throwing skills. Fung Siu Chiong was a disciple of red boat master Dai Fai Min Kam. The Yuens cared for Fung Siu Ching until his death in 1936. 1936 also marked the year when Yuen Kay Shan and Yuen Chai Wan had gone their separate ways. Yuen Kay Shan's brother eventually was invited to teach in Vietnam, where he founded the Nguyễn Tế-Công branch (Vietnam WingChun 永春) branch of the art.Yuen Kay Shan remained in Foshan, where he became friends with other Wing Chun notables like Ip Man, Yiu Choi, Yip Chung Hong, Lai Hip Chi, Tong Gai and others.Yuen Kay Shan became close enough with Yip Man that he taught Yip's son, Yip Chun, the first form of the art.

In addition to having a high caliber skill in Wing Chun, Yuen Kay Shan had also been an educated man who had worked as a part-time lawyer. By being an educated individual he was also one of the first Wing Chun masters to document the theories, concepts, philosophies and strategies of the system. He is also considered a major contributor to luk dim boon gwun and had at one point was even challenged by a monk from Jianxi Province. Death waivers had been signed and the duel had taken place in the Palace of 1000 years longevity. Both fighters were armed with iron poles. Yuen Kay Shan disarmed the monk and spared his life in the duel not only demonstrating his skills in kung fu but also demonstrating his nobility as a martial artist. Yuen Kay Shan never looked for fights, but when challenges could not be avoided, Yuen Kay Shan took them as learning opportunities. Of hundreds of death duels Yuen Kay Shan fought in he was never defeated.

Mr. Xi Kwok Lam (Yip Man's son's student and movie producer of The Legend is Born - Ip Man) apologized and served tea to Yuen Jo Tong for misrepresenting his grandfather Yuen Kay Shan's reputation and status in Wing Chun history.(In the movie, Yuen Kay Shan was portrayed as Yip Man's younger kung fu brother, not as skillful as Yip Man). This had the Yuen and Yiu families voice their displeasure in interviews about the movie.

After the Yuen and Yiu families voiced their displeasure in interviews about Yuen Kay Shan's portrayal in the movie on Yip Man, movie producer Si Kwok Lam and co-producer Yip Chun apologized six times and "served tea" to Yuen Kay San's grandson, Yuen Jo Tong, for misrepresenting, and being disrespectful to, the legendary death duel champion during the 1920-1950s, Yuen Kay Shan.

Yao Wing Ken (Yoa Choy's grandson) explains that, "in the old days of Foshan, his grandfather Yao Choy, Yip Man and Yuen Kay Shan were called the "Three Heroes of Wing Chun" and often mentioned together. Yuen Kay Shan's disciple Leung Jan Sing also provided an ancestral document indicating that Yuen Kay Shan studied with Fung Siu Ching, while Yip Man and others studied under Yuen.This record was passed down in the 1970s. Although Yip Man is not necessarily Yuen's official student, in the order of seniority on the family tree, Yuen Kay Shan ranked at the first level, with Yip Man being last. It would be normal for Yip Man to ask Yuen Kay Shan for instruction.

Below is the original Chinese quoted from the original article in the Dayoo Newspaper of Guangzhou:

　　“咏春三雄”齐名

　 　姚永强介绍，当年在佛山，他的爷爷姚才与叶问、阮奇山并称“咏春三雄”，三人齐名，武功不相上下。阮奇山的徒孙梁湛声还提供了祖传的记录，记录上写明， 阮奇山师从冯少青，而叶问与其他多个咏春武者一同在阮奇山的门下。“这本记录是上世纪70年代留下的， 这也不能说叶问是他的徒弟，但论资历，阮奇山排第 一，叶问最后，叶问向他请教很正常。.