Quick Facts
Biography
Vassar Carlton Clements (April 25, 1928 – August 16, 2005) was a Grammy Award- winning American jazz, swing, and bluegrass fiddler. Clements has been dubbed the Father of Hillbilly Jazz, an improvisational style that blends and borrows from swing, hot jazz, and bluegrass along with roots also in country and other musical traditions.
Biography
Clements was born in Kinard, Florida, but grew up in Kissimmee, Florida. He taught himself to play the fiddle at age 7 and the first song he learned was "There's an Old Spinning Wheel in the Parlor". Soon, Clements formed a local string band with two first cousins, Red and Gerald. Gerald was the fiddle player and when he got married and left, Clements had to pick up the fiddle. In his early teens, he met Bill Monroe and the Blue Grass Boys when they came to Florida to visit Clements' stepfather who knew Chubby Wise. Clements heard Wise play and was impressed.
In late 1949, when Wise left Monroe's group, Clements, who was then only 21, travelled by bus to ask for an audition. When told he would have to return the next day, Clements was crestfallen because he didn't have any money for a hotel room or even for a return bus trip. Monroe gave him some money to a night's lodging, and the next day Clements auditioned and was hired as Wise's replacement in the Blue Grass Boys. He remained with Monroe for seven years. During this period he recorded with Bill Monroe and the Bluegrass Boys in 1950 and 1951. Vassar Clements soon became one of the most distinctive, inventive, and popular fiddlers in bluegrass music. His virtuosity and ability to blend several different genres, including swing and hot jazz, into his style made him a pioneer in country music and much sought-after session musician.
He didn't always earn his living playing music. In the mid-1960s he struggled with, and recuperated from alcohol. During this period he made his living employed briefly at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, where he worked on plumbing. He also performed several other blue-collar jobs including work in a Georgia paper mill, as switchman for Atlantic Coast Line Railroad; he even sold insurance and once operated a convenience store while owning a potato chip franchise in Huntsville, Alabama.
Between 1957 and 1962, he was a member of the bluegrass band Jim and Jesse & the Virginia Boys. Returning to Nashville in 1967, he became a much sought-after studio musician.
After a brief touring stint with Faron Young he joined John Hartford's Dobrolic Plectral Society in 1971 when he met guitarist Norman Blake and Dobro player Tut Taylor, and recorded Aereo-Plain, a widely acclaimed "newgrass" album that helped broaden the bluegrass market and sound. After less than a year he joined Earl Scruggs, whose path-breaking banjo style had premiered with Bill Monroe in the late 1940s and thereafter gained widespread renown with Lester Flatt and the Foggy Mountain Boys; the Scruggs-Clements duet achieved some recognition playing the theme to the television sitcom The Beverly Hillbillies.
His 1972 work with the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band on their album Will the Circle be Unbroken earned even wider acclaim, and he later worked on the Grateful Dead's Wake of the Flood and Jimmy Buffett's A White Sport Coat and a Pink Crustacean. Within the next two years, Clements would cut his first solo album.
In 1973 he joined and toured with the bluegrass supergroup Old and in the Way with Jerry Garcia, David Grisman, Peter Rowan and John Kahn; their self-titled live album Old and in the Way was released in 1975.
In 1974 he lent his talents to Highway Call, a solo album by former Allman Brothers Band guitarist Dickey Betts.
He was considered by many to be an outstanding fiddle virtuoso and he described his talent saying,
It was God's gift, something born in me. I was too dumb to learn it any other way. I listened to the Grand Ole Opry some. I'd pick it up one note at a time. I was young, with plenty of time and I didn't give up. You'd come home from school, do your lessons and that's it. No other distractions. I don't read music. I play what I hear.
In his 50-year career he played with artists ranging from Woody Herman and the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band to the Grateful Dead, Linda Ronstadt and Paul McCartney, and earned at least five Grammy Award nominations and numerous professional accolades. He once recorded with the pop group the Monkees by happenstance, when he stayed behind after an earlier recording session. He also appeared in Robert Altman's 1975 film Nashville and Alan Rudolph's 1976 film, Welcome to L.A.. He made a duet album with Stephane Grappelli Together at Last in 1987. In 2004 he performed in concert with jazz quartet Third Stream – in which a video documentary of the concert was done with Jim Easton guitar, Tom Strohman sax, Jim Miller bass and John Peifer drums http://www.vassarclements.com/tourdates_2004.html
Though he played numerous instruments, Clements indicated that he chose the fiddle over guitar recalling that, "I picked up a guitar and fiddle and tried them both out. The guitar was pretty easy, but I couldn't get nothing out of the fiddle. So every time I'd see those instruments sitting side by side, I'd grab that fiddle."
Big band and swing music were considerable influences upon his style and musical development, and he said that, "Bands like Glenn Miller, Les Brown, Tommy Dorsey, Harry James and Artie Shaw were very popular when I was a kid. I always loved rhythm, so I guess in the back of my mind the swing and jazz subconsciously comes out when I play, because when I was learning I was always trying to emulate the big-band sounds I heard on my fiddle."
Vassar Clements played on over 200 albums, including nearly 40 on which he starred or was featured. His albums often featured newgrass style music and what Clements called "Hillbilly Jazz". His last album, Livin' With the Blues, released in 2004, was his only blues recording; it featured guest appearances by Elvin Bishop, Norton Buffalo, Maria Muldaur and others.
His 2005 Grammy Award for Best Country Instrumental Performance
was for "Earl's Breakdown," by the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, and featured Clements, Earl Scruggs, Randy Scruggs and Jerry Douglas.
Death
Clements, whose last performance was February 4, 2005 in Jamestown, N.Y., died on August 16, 2005 at age 77 of lung cancer that had spread to his brain.
Discography
- Vassar Mercury Records
- Superbow Mercury Records
- Southern Waltzes Rhythm Records
- Crossing the Catskills (1973) Rounder Records
- Vassar Clements, John Hartford, Dave Holland (1988) Rounder Records
- Vassar Clements MCA Records
- The Bluegrass Session Flying Records
- Grass Routes Rounder Records
- Saturday Night Shuffle – A Celebration of Merle Travis Shanachie Records
- Hillbilly Jazz Flying Fish Records
- Hillbilly Jazz Rides Again Flying Fish Records
- New Hillbilly Jazz Shikata Records
- Together at Last (Stephane Grappelli & Vassar Clements) Flying Fish Records
- Nashville Jam Flying Fish Records
- Westport Drive Mind Dust Records
- The Man, The Legend Vassillie Productions
- Country Classics Vassillie Productions
- Vassar Clements Reunion with Dixie Gentlemen Old Homestead
- Once in a While (Jam with Miles Davis' ex-band members) Flying Fish Records
- Live in Telluride (1979) Vassillie Productions
- Music City USA Vassillie Productions
- Old and in the Way (1975) Rounder Records
- That High Lonesome Sound (1996) Acoustic Disc
- Breakdown (1997) Acoustic Disc
- Live at the Boarding House (2008) Acoustic Disc
- Live at the Boarding House: The Complete Shows (2013) Acoustic Disc
- The Bluegrass Sessions: Tales from the Acoustic Planet, Vol. 2 (with Béla Fleck) (1999) Warner Bros. Records
- An Americana Christmas (with Norman Blake) Winter Harvest
- The Bottom Line Encore Collection
- Vassar's Jazz (Golden Anniversary) Winter Harvest
- Back Porch Swing Chrome Records
- Dead Grass Cedar Glen Music Group
- 20 Fiddle Tunes & Waltz Favorites
- Full Circle OMS Records
- Will the Circle be Unbroken (1972) Capitol Records
- Will the Circle Be Unbroken: Volume Two (1989) Capitol Records
- Will the Circle Be Unbroken, Volume III (2002) Capitol Records
- Old and in the Gray (2002) Acoustic Disc
- Runaway Fiddle – Buddy Spicher and Vassar Clements OMS Records
- Livin' with the Blues Acoustic Disc
- We Are All One – Michael Falzarano (2008) Woodstock Records
- I Got Blues for Ya – Michael Falzarano (2014) Hypnotation Records