Sidney Shapiro

Sidney Shapiro (Chinese: 沙博理; pinyin: Shā Bólǐ) (December 23, 1915 – October 18, 2014) was an American-born Chinese-English translator and author who lived in China from 1947 to 2014. He lived in Beijing for over a half century and was a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Council. He was one of very few naturalized citizens of the PRC.

Shapiro was born in Brooklyn, New York City, New York. He was of Jewish ethnicity.

Shapiro was a graduate of St. John’s University.

Shapiro held citizenship of the People's Republic of China from 1963, before the Cultural Revolution, to the end of his life. He was a member of the People's Political Consultative Conference, a governmental assembly of the PRC which ostensibly provides a forum for input from non-Communist political organizations.

In 1941, Shapiro was a 32-year old Brooklyn-born Jewish lawyer and he had enlisted in the U.S. Army. He applied for French Language School....only to be sent to an Army Chinese-language school in San Francisco, California.

Shapiro's connections with China began during World War II, when he was serving in the United States armed forces. He was chosen to learn Chinese by the United States Army in preparation for a possible American landing in Japanese-occupied China. After attaining a law degree in the US, he went to China, arriving in Shanghai in 1947. There, he met his future wife, an actress named Fengzi (Phoenix), who was a supporter of the Communist Party of China prior to its ascent to power. Beginning in the Cultural Revolution, she spent 10 years under house arrest for her opposition to Mao's wife, Jiang Qing. She later became one of the most prominent drama critics in the People's Republic.

In 1958, Shapiro translated The Family a Chinese novel by Ba Jin or Pa Chin. Ba Jin is the pen name of Li Yaotang (aka Feigan) and he is one of the widely read Chinese writers of the 20th century. The translated novel was originally published by Foreign Languages Press (Beijing). Shapiro's translation was based on the 1953 People's Publishing House text, in which the author made corrections. The 1972 New York edition omits the article "the" from the title, which makes Family a more general concept rather than limiting it to this particular family. In her Editor's Note, Lang discusses the history of the text, pointing out that certain passages, the anarchist elements, had been deleted from the 1958 Foreign Languages Press edition. The Anchor edition restored three prefaces by the author, newly translated, as well as some of the omitted passages. Although the English spelling of the Chinese novelist have some variation, however, it is one and the same person in Chinese character.

In 1997, his memoir I Chose China: The Metamorphosis of a Country & a Man was published.This book was originally titled From Brooklyn to Peking but was never published.

Through his literary translations he has remained at the forefront of helping people overseas learn about China's past and present. His literary translations, which range from the classical to the modern, include the Ming Dynasty masterpiece Outlaws of the Marsh and the well-known 20th century outcries against bigotry and backwardness such as Ba Jin's The Family and Mao Dun's Spring Silkworms.

For nearly 50 years, he was employed by the state-run Foreign Languages Press (FLP) as a translator of works of Chinese literature. He is best known for his highly regarded English version of Outlaws of the Marsh, one of the most important classics of Chinese literature. FLP recently reissued Shapiro's translation as part of a bilingual collection called Library of Chinese Classics.

Shapiro was also an actor in many Chinese movies.

In 1948, Shapiro married Feng Fengzi (aka Phoenix), an actress. She was also a writer and magazine editor. Shapiro had a daughter.

In 1996, Shapiro's wife Phoenix died.

On October 18, 2014, Shapiro died in Beijing, China. He was 98.

Legacy

On 26 December 2014 it was announced that the China International Publishing Group was establishing a Sidney Shapiro Research Center to investigate model criteria for translation between Chinese and English.

• Jews in Old China - Studies by Chinese Scholars, a comprehensive collection of translations of papers by Chinese scholars about the ancient Kaifeng Jews and other Jewish papers by various Chinese scholars, and papers on Jewish-Chinese interaction
• Shapiro, Sidney. I Chose China: The Metamorphosis of a Country & a Man. Published 1997.Hippocrene Books. This book was originally titled From Brooklyn to Peking but was never published.

Translated works (Chinese to English)

• Shapiro, Sidney (Translator). 1958. The Family. Beijing: Foreign Language Press.

Translations

The following is a list of notable Chinese authors translated by Shapiro.

• Shi Nai'an, Outlaws of the Marsh
• Ba Jin, Selected Works, Foreign Language Press, 1988, vol. 1 (containing Autumn in Spring and The Family)
• Mao Dun, The Shop of the Lin Family & Spring Silkworms
• Deng Rong "Deng Xiaoping and the Cultural Revolution – a Daughter Recalls the Critical Years".