Nông Đức Mạnh

Nông Đức Mạnh (Vietnamese: [nəwŋm ɗɨ́k mâŋˀ]; born 11 September 1940) is a Vietnamese politician and was the general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the most powerful position in the Vietnamese government, from 22 April 2001 to 19 January 2011. Although his official biography states that his parents were Tày peasants, it has long been rumoured that Mạnh is the son of former North Vietnamese leader Hồ Chí Minh.

Mạnh was born in Cường Lợi, Na Rì District, Bắc Kạn Province. His own son is Nông Quốc Tuấn, party secretary for Bắc Giang Province.

It has long been rumoured that Mạnh is the illegitimate son of Hồ Chí Minh (1890-1969) and Nông Thị Trưng (1920–2003), Hồ's housekeeper from 1941-42. This story may have been a factor in his selection as party boss. In a profile of Mạnh published in the official press immediately after he gained this position, Trưng was identified as his mother.

Mạnh's official biography gives his date of birth as 11 September 1940, when Hồ was still in China. Ho returned to Vietnam in February 1941 and met Trưng in July. Hồ wrote a four-line poem for Trưng in 1944, and gave her a notebook as "a token of my love".

This poem was later taught to elementary school students. In April 2001, shortly after Mạnh was named as party boss, a reporter at a news conference asked him to confirm or deny the rumor. He responded, "All Vietnamese people are the children of Uncle Hồ." When asked again about the rumor in January 2002 by a Time Asia reporter, he denied he was Hồ's son and stated that his father was named Nông Văn Lai and his mother Hoàng Thị Nhị.

Manh is the godfather to Nguyễn Phú Trọng two adopted sons living in the United States and Australia, Ho Xuan Minh, and Ho Xuan Nam. Xuan Minh is head of Vietnam Business Council helping the government in their investments aboard, while Xuan Nam is a song writer assisting the government create relationships with Vietnamese who left Vietnam after the war back to their motherlandXuan Nam is a standing committee member, a senior youth member of resolution 36 drafted in 2004, which main purpose is to link Vietnamese abroad with their motherland and the communist party

Both of Nguyễn Phú Trọng adopted sons are named after Trong's teacher, and Manh's rumored father, the country's great leader Ho Chi Minh

In 1958-61, Mạnh attended the Hanoi Higher School. From 1962-63, he worked as a forestry supervisory technician in the Bắc Kạn Forestry Service. He joined the Communist Party on 5 July 1963 and received full membership on 10 July 1964. From 1963-65, Mạnh was the deputy chief of the Bạch Thông wood exploitationteam; he later returned to his studies, learning Russian at the Hanoi Foreign Languages College (from 1965–66). He traveled to Leningrad, where he studied at the Forestry Institute until 1971. After returning to Vietnam, he became the deputy head of the Bắc Thái provincial forestry inspection board.

From 1973-74, Mạnh served as director of the Phú Lương State Forestry Camp in Bắc Thái province. From 1974-76, Mạnh studied at the Nguyễn Ái Quốc High-Level Party School. From 1976-80, he served as the deputy director of the provincial forestry service and director of the construction company of the provincial forestry service. Rising through the party ranks, Mạnh was a member of the Bắc Thái Provincial Party Committee from 1976-83. In 1984, he was named deputy secretary of the committee, and in November 1986, the secretary of the committee. At the 6th National Congress he was elected as an alternate member of the Central Committee. At the sixth party plenum in March 1989, he was elevated to full central committee member. Since 1991, he has been in the politburo.

Mạnh was selected General Secretary of the Communist Party in April 2001. His term was renewed in April 2006. He is the first Vietnamese party head with a university degree. He announced his plans for Vietnam's future as an industrialised country, to be completed by 2020.

Mạnh with George W. Bush