James Stephens Bulloch

James Stephens Bulloch (1793 – February 18, 1849) was an early Georgia settler and planter. He was a grandson of Georgia governor Archibald Bulloch and a nephew of Senator William Bellinger Bulloch. He was also the grandfather of President Theodore Roosevelt and the great-grandfather of First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt.

James Stephens Bulloch was born in Savannah, Georgia to a planter family. His parents were the former Ann Irvine (January 14, 1770 — 1810) and her husband Captain James Bulloch II (1765 — February 9, 1806). He had an elder brother, John Irvine Bulloch, and two younger sisters, Jane and Ann Bulloch.

He was educated to become a planter and learned about managing crops and working with overseers to deal with slave labor.

Cotton mills and development of Roswell

Major Bulloch moved his family from Savannah in 1838 to north Georgia to partner with Roswell King in establishing a cotton mill in the piedmont near the fall line. They used water power for their mills. There in what developed as the town of Roswell, Bulloch built Bulloch Hall in 1839 with the labor of African-American slaves and craftsman.

Bulloch also developed a plantation in the uplands, where his workers cultivated and processed short-staple cotton, the chief commodity crop. This cotton had been made profitable by invention of the cotton gin, and was planted throughout the piedmont.

The younger James Bulloch first married Hester Amarintha "Hettie" Elliott (1797—1831), a daughter of Senator John Elliott and Esther Dunwoody, on December 31, 1817. Together, they had two sons:

• John Elliott Bulloch (1819—1821)
• James Dunwoody Bulloch (1823—1901)

After Hettie died, Major Bulloch married on May 8, 1832, Martha "Patsy" Stewart (1799—1864), the second wife and widow of Senator Elliott. James had previously courted Patsy in 1817 and proposed to her. She had declined the proposal and later married Senator Elliott. Patsy was the youngest daughter of General Daniel Stewart (1761—1829) and Sarah Susannah Oswald (1770—1807). Sarah had a brother Thomas Hepworth Oswald (1760—1790.) Together, James and Patsy had four children (Charles and Irvine were born in Cobb County, Georgia after the family had moved from Savannah.):

• Anna Louisa Bulloch (1833—1893)
• Martha "Mittie" Bulloch (1835—1884), who married Theodore "Thee" Roosevelt, Sr.
• Charles Irvine Bulloch (1838—1841)
• Irvine Stephens Bulloch (1842—1898)

James Stephens Bulloch died in 1849. According to the 1850 Slave Schedules, his widow Martha "Patsy" Stewart Elliott Bulloch still held 31 slaves to work their plantation.

Legacy and honors

• Their plantation house of Bulloch Hall has been restored and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
• His daughter Martha was the mother of President Theodore Roosevelt, the future president; and Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt, as well as the paternal grandmother of socialite Alice Lee Roosevelt and First Lady Anna Eleanor Roosevelt.

• Gary L. McKay, Walter E. Wilson (2012). James D. Bulloch: Secret Agent and Mastermind of the Confederate Navy. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company Inc. 
• bullochhall.org
• rootsweb.com