Filip Eisenberg

Filip Pinkus Eisenberg (born July 19, 1876 in Kraków, died July 18, 1942 in Belzec extermination camp) was a Polish-Jewish doctor and bacteriologist.

He was the son of a merchant, Adolf Abraham Eisenberg, and Ester née Spiro. After finishing Sobieski Gymnasium in Kraków he studied medicine at the Jagiellonian University, where he obtained his PhD in medical studies in 1899. He then conducted postgraduate work in Vienna with Richard Paltauf and between 1901 an 1902 served as a research assistant to Odo Bujwid. Subsequently he worked in Paris, at the Pasteur Institute and then in Wrocław (Breslau) under the direction of Richard Pfeiffer. Between 1919 and 1920 he was the head of a Military Hospital in Warsaw. In 1933 he became the director of the National Bacteriology Station in Kraków, a position he held until 1939. Until 1941 he was the head of the Institute of Medical Microbiology in Lwów (L'viv).

During the Nazi occupation of Poland, Eisenberg was in constant danger because of his Jewish background. The Polish bacteriologist Rudolf Weigl sought to protect Eisenberg by offering him a position as a feeder of lice at his institute in Lwów. Eisenberg however believed that he could survive the occupation by hiding in Kraków. However, in 1941 he was caught and forced to live in the Kraków ghetto. From there, in 1942 he was sent to the Belzec extermination camp where he was murdered.