Zachary D. Kaufman

Zachary Daniel Kaufman (born February 17, 1979) is a legal academic and social entrepreneur.

Kaufman is currently a Senior Fellow at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government. In addition, he is a Term Member of the Council on Foreign Relations, a Member of the International Institute for Strategic Studies, and a Fellow of the Truman National Security Project.

From 2016 to 2017, Kaufman will serve as a Council on Foreign Relations International Affairs Fellow.

From 2015 to 2016, Kaufman served as a Fellow at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government.

From 2014 to 2015, Kaufman served as a Fellow at the United States Supreme Court.

From 2005 to 2006, Kaufman served as a Fellow at Stanford University, in the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies (FSI) Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law (CDDRL).

Kaufman has received recognition for his academic and public service work, including:

• being named "A Leader of Our Generation" at Dartmouth College's Tuck School of Business,
• being named as one of the “Top 99 Under 33 Foreign Policy Leaders” by Young Professionals in Foreign Policy (YPFP) and The Diplomatic Courier, and
• receiving the Dr. Louis Rabineau Award from Humanity in Action.

• "Zachary D. Kaufman | Awards & Honors". www.zacharykaufman.com. Retrieved 2016-07-20. 
• "Zachary D. Kaufman". 5 September 2011. 
• "Senior Fellow Awards - Humanity in Action". 

Kaufman is a graduate of Suncrest Middle School, Shady Side Academy, Yale University, the University of Oxford (where he was a Marshall Scholar), and Yale Law School.

While an undergraduate at Yale (from 1996 to 2000), Kaufman was the student body president and co-captain of the Yale wrestling team. He was also an All-American and Runner-up National Champion in the National Collegiate Wrestling Association. He received his B.A. (Bachelor’s) degree in Political Science in 2000.

In 2004, Kaufman received his M.Phil (Master's) degree in International Relations from the University of Oxford, where he served on the Executive Committee of the Magdalen College Trust, his residential college's grant-making charity.

In 2009, Kaufman received his Juris Doctor (JD) degree from Yale Law School, where he served as Editor-in-Chief of the Yale Law & Policy Review.

In 2012, Kaufman received his D.Phil (PhD) degree in International Relations from the University of Oxford.

Kaufman is an author and lecturer.

To date, Kaufman has published three books. He is the author of United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice: Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics. He is the co-editor (with Dr. Phil Clark) and co-author of After Genocide: Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, and Reconciliation in Rwanda and Beyond. He is also the editor and co-author of Social Entrepreneurship in the Age of Atrocities: Changing Our World.

Kaufman’s research and commentary have also appeared in a variety of other publications, including the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Yale Law & Policy Review, the Yale Journal of International Law, the Harvard International Law Journal, the Yale Human Rights & Development Review, the Emory International Law Review, and others.

Kaufman has delivered speeches and lectures at a variety of institutions around the world, including at law schools, political science departments, public policy schools, and business schools in the United States (e.g., Harvard University, Yale University, Stanford University, Columbia University, New York University, Georgetown University, George Washington University, Dartmouth College, University of Michigan, Johns Hopkins University, United States Naval Academy, American University) and abroad (e.g., University of Oxford, University of Cambridge, London School of Economics and Political Science, King's College London, University of London's School of Oriental and African Studies).

Kaufman was instrumental in the founding of the Kigali Public Library (also known as Rwanda Library Services), which is Rwanda’s first public library. The library became operational in April 2012, offering 12,000 books. Kaufman is the founder, president, and chairman of the Board of Directors of the American Friends of the Kigali Public Library and an Honorary Member of the Rotary Club of Kigali-Virunga, Rwanda.

Other public service activities in which Kaufman is engaged include his service as:

• a member of the Board of Directors of the Association of Marshall Scholars,
• a member of the Board of Advisers of the Harvard Social Enterprise Law Association,
• a Board Member and Senior Fellow of Humanity in Action,
• chair of the Board of Advisers and member of the Board of Directors of Indego Africa, and
• a member of the Board of Advisors of Genocide Watch.

• "Officers & Directors: Association of Marshall Scholars". 
• "Harvard Social Enterprise Law Association - Our Board". 2015-12-03. Retrieved 2016-07-20. 
• "Senior Fellows Zachary Kaufman and Kuong Ly Named "Top 99 Under 33 Foreign Policy Leaders" - Humanity in Action". 
• http://www.indegoafrica.org/team
• http://www.genocidewatch.org/aboutus/directorsandadvisors.html

Books

• Kaufman, Zachary D. United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice: Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://www.transitionaljustice-book.com
• Kaufman, Zachary D., ed. Social Entrepreneurship in the Age of Atrocities: Changing Our World. Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc., 2012. http://www.socialentrepreneurship-book.com
• Clark, Phil, and Zachary D. Kaufman, eds. After Genocide: Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, and Reconciliation in Rwanda and Beyond. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://www.aftergenocide.com

Journal Articles - Academic

• "From the Aztecs to the Kalahari Bushmen - Conservative Justices' Citation of Foreign Sources: Consistency, Inconsistency, or Evolution?" Yale Journal of International Law Online. Volume 41 (2015). 1-8. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2638906
• “Transitional Justice for Tojo’s Japan: The United States Role in the Establishment of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and Other Transitional Justice Mechanisms for Japan After World War II.” Emory International Law Review. Volume 27, Issue 2 (2013). 755-98. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2408714
• "The United States, Syria, and the International Criminal Court: Implications of the Rome Statute’s Aggression Amendment." Harvard International Law Journal Online. Volume 55 (2013). 1-14. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2367262.
• "Comment" (on "Managing the Rule of Law in the Americas"). Inter-American Law Review. Volume 42, Issue 3 (Spring 2011). 253-60. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1956832
• “The Nuremberg Tribunal v. The Tokyo Tribunal: Designs, Staffs, and Operations.” John Marshall Law Review. Volume 43, Issue 3 (Fall 2010). 753-68. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1917036
• "Transitional Justice Delayed is not Transitional Justice Denied: Contemporary Confrontation of Japanese Human Experimentation During World War II Through a People's Tribunal." Yale Law & Policy Review. Vol. 26, Issue 2 (Spring 2008). 645-59. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1924030
• "No Right to Fight: The Modern Implications of Japan's Pacifist Postwar Constitution." Yale Journal of International Law. Vol. 33, Issue 1 (Winter 2008). 266-73. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1913100
• "Justice in Jeopardy: Accountability for the Darfur Atrocities." Criminal Law Forum. Volume 16, Issue 4 (April 2006): 343-60. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1912945
• “The Future of Transitional Justice.” St. Antony’s International Review. Volume 1, Number 1 (March 2005): 58-81. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1913127

Journal Articles - Practitioner

• “Making Social and Environmental Impact Through Legal Careers: The Top 10 Roles for Attorneys in Social Entrepreneurship.” Law For Change. August 2013. 1-16. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2320728
• With Theodore W. Kassinger and Heather L. Traeger. “Democratizing Entrepreneurship: An Overview of the Past, Present, and Future of Crowdfunding.” Bloomberg BNA Securities Regulation and Law Report. Volume 45, Number 5 (February 2013). 208-17. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2211698
• “Youth and Social Entrepreneurship.” Diplomatic Courier. Volume 7, Issue 1 (January / February 2013). 68-69. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2208138
• With K. Lee Blalack and David J. Leviss. “Preparing for Aggressive Congressional Investigations in 2013.” Corporate Counsel. 6 June 2012. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2078561

Book Chapters

• With Phil Clark. "Rwanda: Recent History." Africa South of the Sahara 2016. Ed. Iain Frame. London, UK: Routledge, 2015. 969-77
• With Phil Clark. "Rwanda: Recent History." Africa South of the Sahara 2015. Ed. Iain Frame. London, UK: Routledge, 2014. 971-79. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2522970
• "Transitional Justice as Genocide Prevention: From a Culture of Impunity to a Culture of Accountability." Confronting Genocide in Rwanda: Dehumanization, Denial, and Strategies for Prevention. Eds. Jean-Damascene Gasanabo, David J. Simon & Margee M. Ensign. Kigali, Rwanda: The National Commission for the Fight Against Genocide, 2014. 363-84. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2428768
• With Phil Clark. "Rwanda: Recent History." Africa South of the Sahara 2014. Ed. Iain Frame. London, UK: Routledge, 2013. 980-88. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2368824
• “International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.” Encyclopedia of Transitional Justice. Eds. Lavinia Stan and Nadya Nedelsky. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2012. 233-37. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2221525
• With Phil Clark. "Rwanda: Recent History." Africa South of the Sahara 2013. Ed. Iain Frame. London, UK: Routledge, 2012. 984-92. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2166781
• "Social Entrepreneurship in the Age of Atrocities: Introduction." Social Entrepreneurship in the Age of Atrocities: Changing Our World. Ed. Zachary D. Kaufman. Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc., 2012. 1-19. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2149617
• "Social Entrepreneurship in a Post-Genocide Society: Building Rwanda's First Public Library, the Kigali Public Library." Social Entrepreneurship in the Age of Atrocities: Changing Our World. Ed. Zachary D. Kaufman. Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc., 2012. 58-82. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2149627
• "Social Entrepreneurship in the Age of Atrocities: Lessons Learned and Conclusion." Social Entrepreneurship in the Age of Atrocities: Changing Our World. Ed. Zachary D. Kaufman. Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc., 2012. 189-221. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2149659
• "Appendix: Social Entrepreneurship Resources and Institutions." Social Entrepreneurship in the Age of Atrocities: Changing Our World. Ed. Zachary D. Kaufman. Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc., 2012. 225-45. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2149669
• With Phil Clark. "Rwanda: Recent History." Africa South of the Sahara 2012. Ed. Iain Frame. London, UK: Routledge, 2011. 993-1001. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1984042
• With Phil Clark. "Rwanda: Recent History." Africa South of the Sahara 2011. Ed. Iain Frame. London, UK: Routledge, 2010. 977-85. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1925812
• With Phil Clark. "Rwanda: Recent History." Africa South of the Sahara 2010. Ed. Iain Frame. London, UK: Routledge, 2009. 968-76. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1925827
• With Phil Clark. "Rwanda: Recent History." Africa South of the Sahara 2009. Ed. Iain Frame. London, UK: Routledge, 2008. 924-31. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1925816
• With Phil Clark. "After Genocide." After Genocide: Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, and Reconciliation in Rwanda and Beyond. Eds. Phil Clark and Zachary D. Kaufman. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1-19. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1912684
• "The United States Role in the Establishment of the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda." After Genocide: Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, and Reconciliation in Rwanda and Beyond. Eds. Phil Clark and Zachary D. Kaufman. Oxford University Press, 2016. 229-60. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1916775
• With Phil Clark and Kalypso Nicolaidis. "Tensions in Transitional Justice." After Genocide: Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, and Reconciliation in Rwanda and Beyond. Eds. Phil Clark and Zachary D. Kaufman. Oxford University Press, 2016. 381-91. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1916779
• With Phil Clark. "Rwanda: Recent History." Africa South of the Sahara 2008. Ed. Iain Frame. London, UK: Routledge, 2007. 927-34. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1925844
• “Sudan, the United States, and the International Criminal Court: A Tense Triumvirate in Transitional Justice for Darfur.” The Criminal Law of Genocide: International, Comparative, and Contextual Aspects. Eds. Ralph Henham and Paul Behrens. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 2007. 49-60.
• With Phil Clark. "Rwanda: Recent History." Africa South of the Sahara 2007. Ed. Iain Frame. London, UK: Routledge, 2006. 935-42. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1925846

Book Reviews

• Review of The Pinochet Effect: Transnational Justice in the Age of Human Rights, by Naomi Roht-Arriaza. Yale Journal of International Law. Vol. 32, Issue 1 (Winter 2007): 297-300. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1912948
• Review of Designing Criminal Tribunals: Sovereignty and International Concerns in the Protection of Human Rights, by Steven D. Roper and Lilian A. Barria. Yale Human Rights and Development Law Journal. Volume 10 (2006–07): 209-14. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1923724