Susan Fenimore Cooper

Susan Augusta Fenimore Cooper (April 17, 1813 –December 31, 1894) was an American writer and amateur naturalist. She founded an orphanage in Cooperstown, New York and made it a successful charity. The daughter of writer James Fenimore Cooper, she served as his secretary and amanuensis late in his life.

Susan Fenimore Cooper was born in 1813 in Scarsdale, New York, the daughter of the novelist James Fenimore Cooper and his wife Susan Augusta DeLancey. She was his second child, and the eldest to survive her youth. During the later years of her father's life, she became his secretary and amanuensis, and but for her father's prohibition would probably have become his biographer.

In 1873, she founded an orphanage in Cooperstown, New York, the town founded by her paternal grandfather William Cooper and where her father had lived for some time. Under her superintendence the orphanage became a prosperous charitable institution. It was begun in a modest house in a small way with five pupils; in 1900 the building, which was erected in 1883, sheltered ninety boys and girls. The orphans were taken when quite young, were fed, clothed, and given a basic education. When they were old enough, they were helped to find positions in “good Christian families.” Some of them before leaving were taught to earn their own living.

In 1886 Cooper established The Friendly Society. Every woman on becoming a member of the Society chose one of the girls in the orphanage to give individual attention.

Watercolor of golden oriole by Susan Fenimore Cooper, from Rural Hours, 1851.

Cooper was a writer who published on diverse subjects, but especially on country life. She kept a diary that formed the basis of her first book, Rural Hours (1850), published anonymously as "by a lady". A sharp-eyed account of rural life in New York, it was illustrated with Cooper's own finely detailed watercolors of local flora and fauna. Cooper wrote two more volumes on country life, but Rural Hours was the most successful, going through six editions over the course of nearly forty years. Cooper also wrote an essay in the form of a letter about women's suffrage and a novel, Elinor Wyllys.

In recent years, beginning with the 1998 republication of Rural Hours, Cooper has begun to achieve recognition as a significant writer in her own right. Rural Hours in particular has been called the "first major work of environmental literary nonfiction by an American woman writer, both a source and a rival of Thoreau's Walden."

Her home was built mainly with bricks and materials from the ruins of Otsego Hall in Cooperstown, which her paternal grandfather had built and where her parents had also lived. She died, age 81, in Cooperstown.

• Elinor Wyllys –A Tale, a novel (ed. by James Fenimore Cooper). 1845. London: Richard Bentley. OCLC 11850952.
• Country Rambles in England; or, Journal of a Naturalist, written by John Leonard Knapp, Notes and Additions by Susan Fenimore Cooper (1853)

• Mt. Vernon: A Letter to the Children of America (1859)
• Female Suffrage: A Letter to the Christian Women of America (1870)
• Rhyme and Reason of Country Life (1885)
• Rural Hours, a nature diary of Cooperstown, New York, 1850. New York City: George Palmer Putnam. OCLC 428430990.
• Rural Hours. Boston and New York City: Houghton, Mifflin, 1887, at A Celebration of Women Writers
• The Journal of a Naturalist, English edition of Rural Hours (1855)
• The Lumley Autograph (1851, satirical essay)