Ravi Neeli

Ko Kizhan Adikal Ravi Neeli was the traditional title of the queens/princesses of the Kodungallur Chera kingdom in medieval south India. It was initially assumed that Kizhan Adikal was a proper given name (and not a royal title).

The title appears in the following inscriptions discovered from Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

1. "Kizhan Adikal Ravi Neeli", daughter of Chera king Sthanu Ravi Kulasekhara (c. 844-883 AD) and wife of Goda Ravi Vijayaraga, in Tirunandikkara inscription (c. 883 AD).
2. "Ko Kizhan Adikal", mother of Chola prince Rajaditya, in a Tirunamanallur inscription (c. 935 AD) of Chola king Parantaka I (907-955 AD).
3. "Kizhan Adikal Ravi Neeli", daughter of Chera king Goda Ravi Vijayaraga (c. 883 - 913 AD), in a Tiruvotriyur inscription (936 AD) of king Parantaka I.
4. "Kizhan Adikal" appears in the Tiruvalla copper plates with her husband king Parantaka I (lines 109-111).
5. "Kizhan Adikal Chatira Sikhamani" in a Trikkakara inscription (953 AD) with Chera king Indu Kota (c. 943 - 962 AD).

There is a possibility that the princesses (2) and (3) are the same, or are sisters. If they were sisters, king Parantaka I married two distinct Chera princesses, Kizhan Adigal and Ravi Neeli (the mothers of his two sons, Rajaditya and Arinjaya Chola).

The marriage between a Chera princess and Parantaka, c. 910 CE, is mentioned in the Udayendiram plates of Ganga king Prthivipati II Hastimalla.