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Princess Hwapyeong

Princess Hwapyeong

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Biography

Princess Hwapyeong (1727–1748) was the third daughter of King Yeongjo of the Joseon dynasty in Korea.

Biography

The princess' personal name is unknown. She was born to Lady Seonhui on the 27th day of the 4th lunar month, 1727, in Chippok-heon (집복헌, 集福軒), ChangKyong Palace (창경궁, 昌慶宮). In 1731, she received her title "Hwapyeong", which means "peace". In 1738, the 14th year of King Yeongjo's reign, she married Bak Myeongwon (1725-1790, Hangul: 박명원, Hanja: 朴明源), fourth son of Bak Sajeong (1683-1739,Hangul: 박사정, Hanja: 朴師正) from the illustrious Bak clan of Bannam (반남 박씨, 潘南朴氏). She left the palace on the 20th day of the 2nd month in 1742 for her in-law's family.

Princess Hwapyeong was King Yeongjo's favorite daughter. He loved her beyond all else and referred to her as his "intimate friend (知己)". His ardent love for her was recorded extensively in the Sillok. Princess Hwapyeong's wedding was extremely grand, and her dowry was said to be ten thousand times more extravagant than that of her elder sister Princess Hwasun's. King Yeongjo bestowed upon her a royal residence as wedding gift but his goodwill was declined by the Princess.

On the 24th day of the 6th month of 1748, Princess Hwapyeong died due to a difficult child birth. On the day of her death, upon hearing that the princess was in a critical condition, King Yeongjo hastily visited her residence. She was subsequently pronounced dead. King Yeongjo was devastated and inconsolable over her death. He suspended all court affairs to mourn for her. He even moved his residence from Kyongdok Palace (景德宫) to Changdok Palace (昌德宫) in order to be near the location of Princess Hwapyeong's funerary observance so that he could personally oversee all affairs. He visited her residence frequently and broke down on five occasions before Princess Hwapyeong's burial. King Yeongjo made great efforts in seizing the most auspicious location for the burial ground of Princess Hwapyeong. He forcefully acquired a piece of ancestral land owned by the Paju Yun family, who had been staying there for generations, and evacuated hundreds of civilians from nearby villages to make way for Princess Hwapyeong's tomb. Princess Hwapyeong was buried in Munsan, Paju (파주, 坡州马山). Her elaborated funeral proceedings was comparable to that of a State Funeral.

Princess Hwapyeong did not conceive any child. King Yeongjo made the third son of Bak Myeongwon's eldest brother the adopted primary son of Princess Hwapyeong.

In the memoirs of Lady Hyegyong, she described Princess Hwapyeong as being gentle and particularly kind towards herself and Prince Sado. The princess was uncomfortable and distressed that she alone was showered with paternal affection and that her younger brother, the Crown Prince, was not. Whenever King Yeongjo found fault in the Prince, Princess Hwapyeong would side with her brother and pleaded ceaselessly with the King to be lenient. She was said to have mitigated the relationship between the King and the Prince and made a great deal of difference in her brother's favor. Until her death in 1748, she was the main protector of Prince Sado. Lady Hyegyong claimed that during the pregnancy of her first child, she often dream of Princess Hwapyeong coming to her bedchamber, sat next to her and sometimes smiled at her. When her first son was born, he bore the same birth mark as Princess Hwapyeong and King Yeongjo took him as the reincarnation of the Princess.

Eulogies

Ancestry

The contents of this page are sourced from Wikipedia article. The contents are available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license.
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