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Dr. Niko Miljanić (Serbian Cyrillic: Нико Миљанић) (1892–1957) a Serbian anatomist and surgeon, was one of the founders of the Belgrade Medical School, which is today part of the University of Belgrade, and has held the first lecture on the newly formed school on December 12, 1920. He has been a full professor of anatomy during the period 1920—1934, then held lectures on surgery propaedeutics from 1935 until 1947. He was relieved from the faculty in 1954. Professor Miljanić was the author of the first textbooks of anatomy in Serbian, a monograph on asepsis, as well as a lot of scientific articles on anatomy and surgery in different journals in Yugoslavia and abroad. As a French ex-pupil he was elected president of the French ex-pupils Association and the founder of the bilingual Serbian-French journal Anali medicine i hirurgije (Annals of Medicine and Surgery), published 1927-1934.
In 1930, he unveiled the Monument of Gratitude to France in Belgrade's Kalemegdan Park, together with King Alexander I of Yugoslavia. He fought in both Balkan Wars and both World Wars. Miljanić was a member of the French Academy of Surgeons and was decorated with the order of the Légion d'honneur.