Józef Gołuchowski

Józef Gołuchowski (1797–1858) was a Polish philosopher.
Gołuchowski, a professor at Wilno University, was co-creator of the Polish Romanticist "national philosophy." He preached the concept of the nation as a creation of God, with a peculiar "national spirit," that realized the ideal of a hierarchical society in which each individual is a necessary fragment of the whole. He opposed 18th-century materialist philosophy from an irrationalist position. In the theory of knowledge, he preached the primacy of feeling and intuition over reason.