Jin Shuren

Jin Shuren (traditional Chinese: 金樹仁; simplified Chinese: 金树仁; pinyin: Jīn Shùrén; Wade–Giles: Chin Shu-jen; 1879–1941) was a Han Chinese born in Gansu, was the warlord governor of Xinjiang, succeeding Yang Zengxin when Yang was assassinated in 1928. Jin's rule of Xinjiang for about half a decade was characterized by strife caused by corruption, suppression and disruption. Ethnic and religious conflicts were intensified and resulted in numerous riots against his regime, and his eventual downfall. Jin confiscated the local Turkic lands in order to redistribute them to the Chinese, but he gave these lands to his personal associates. The deception caused the Chinese to become the targets of hatred. Jin also favored the Han over Turkic (such as the Uighurs) and intensified ethnic conflicts between the Uighurs and Chinese. In April, 1933, Jin's White Russian troops changed allegiance, encouraged revolt in Xinjiang, ended his reign and forced him to flee to the USSR. He was succeeded by Sheng Shicai. Jin met the wrath of the Kuomintang (KMT) when without approval he signed an arms treaty with the Soviet Union. The Tungan general Ma Zhongying allied himself with the KMT and his troops became the 36th Division of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA). Ma was ordered to overthrow Jin. Jin was overthrown after the First Battle of Urumqi (1933) by White Russian troops under Colonel Pappengut. When he returned to China in October 1933, he was arrested by the KMT, was brought to trial in March 1935 and he was sentenced to three and-a-half years imprisonment. However the KMT pardoned him on 10 October 1935 and was released from prison the next day.