Arthur Devis

Arthur Devis (19 February 1712 – 25 July 1787) was a Lancashire-born artist, half-brother of the painter Anthony Devis (1729–1816), and father of painters Thomas Anthony Devis (1757–1810) and Arthur William Devis (1762–1822). Arthur was taught by the Flemish painter Peter Tillemans. Though his early work was in part as a landscape artist,he also drew upon family connections to win clientele for portraits of the members of pro-Jacobite Lancashire families. In fact, by 1737 he had gravitated to portrait painting, setting up a studio inLondon.

In London Devis acquired a considerablereputation, though his success was to follow a certain parabola. Faced with other fashionable artistic currents represented by the work of such painters as Joshua Reynolds and Johann Zoffany, his commissions declined and he was obliged to move to restoring pictures. His marriage in 1742 produced twenty-two children, though few survived. He sold all the paintings in his possession in 1783 and in 1787 died in retirement in Brighton.

His place in the pages of art history is generally as a painter of the type of portrait now called a conversation piece.

Arthur Devis was born in Preston, Lancashire, the eldest son of Anthony Devis.It may have been the latter, a member of the town council as well as a carpenter and a bookseller, thatwasresponsible for introducing Devis to the Flemish painter Peter Tillemans, who became his teacher. During the early 1730s, Devis is known to have been an assistant in Tillemans's studio, apparently copying views of Italy by artists such as Pannini and Marco Ricci. Not surprisingly, the first work Devis painted on commission, a depiction of a house within its park, also shows his interest in landscape (Hoghton Towers from Duxon Hill, Lancashire, 1735; Private collection). By 1737, however, he had become a portrait painter. In 1745, he established a studio in Great Queen Street,Lincoln's Inn Fields in London, the location of an academy of paintingopenedin 1711. By thistime he had acquired a considerable artistic reputation.

Devis received his greatest number of commissions for portraits between 1748 and 1758. Many of his works have landscape backgrounds, while his interiors, though convincing, are often pure imagination.The exception is the neo-Gothic library at Arbury Hall shown in Devis's portrait of Sir Roger Newdigate, who holds the plan for the room on his knee.

In 1768 he became president of the newly founded Free Society of Artists, where he also exhibited works between 1761 and 1775 and in 1780,but in fact his place in the portrait market was already slumping in the 1760s, and in the face of the output of such as Joshua Reynolds and Johann Zoffany, his work came to be considered outmoded. He was never admitted to membership of the Royal Academy. Art reviewers and observers like Horace Walpole were very critical of it. For income he was obliged to take up restoring pictures, though this could be remunerative. In particular for work executed between 1777 and 1778, he was paid the handsome fee of one thousand pounds for restoring works by James Thornhill (1675-1734) in the "Painted Hall" of the Royal Naval Hospital, Greenwich.

In 1783 Devis sold all the paintings in his possession and in 1787 died in retirement in Brighton. He was buried in the churchyard of St. Mary Paddington, London.

Devis had married Elizabeth Faulkner (1719–1788) at St Katharine's by the Tower, London, on 20 July 1742. Of the marriage were born twenty-two children, only six of whom survived past infancy. Two, Thomas Anthony Devis (1757–1810) and Arthur William Devis (1762–1822), became painters. One daughter, Ellin Devis (1746-1820), was a schoolmistress and author of the popular grammar The Accidence (1775). Devis's half-brother Anthony Devis (1729–1816) also was a painter, as was a son-in-law, Robert Marris, who asa young man hadlived and travelled with Anthony Devis, and later married Arthur Devis's daughter Frances. The family's artistic interests continued in various ways. For example, the Guernsey physician Martin Tupper (1780-1844) married Robert Marris’s only daughter Ellin Devis Marris, and his eldest son the poet and writer Martin Farquhar Tupper (1810-1889) (d. 1847), married his cousinIsabella Devis, daughter of Arthur William Devis.

• Pavière, Sydney Herbert,The Devis Family of Painters,Lewis, Leigh-on-Sea 1950.
• Belsey, Hugh."Devis" in Oxford Art Online (updated 04/07/04).
• D'Oench, Ellen G. (1980). The conversation piece : Arthur Devis & his contemporaries (Exh. cat.). New Haven: Yale Center for British Art. ISBN 0-930606-28-0.
• D'Oench, Ellen G. (2008). "Dictionary of National Biography entry for Arthur Devis". Oxford University Press. Retrieved 2013-06-20.
• Seguier, Frederick Peter (1870). A critical and commercial dictionary of the works of painters. Longmans, Green, and co. p. 56. devis.