Aleksandra Sokolovskaya

Aleksandra Lvovna Sokolovskaya (Russian: Александра Львовна Соколовская; 1872 – 29 April 1938) was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and Leon Trotsky's first wife. She perished in the Great Purges no earlier than 1938.

Sokolovskaya was a Marxist revolutionary in Nikolaev, Ukraine in the 1890s. She was married to Trotsky between 1899 and 1902, including when the two of them were in prison and in Siberian exile together. They had two daughters, Zinaida Volkova (1901–1933) and Nina Nevelson (1902–1928), both of whom predeceased their parents.

When Trotsky considered escaping from Siberia (alone, of necessity) in the summer of 1902, Sokolovskaya fully endorsed his plan. After Trotsky met Natalia Sedova, his future second wife, in Paris in late 1902, his first marriage disintegrated, although the two maintained a friendly relationship until the end.

Not much is known about Sokolovskaya's life post-1902. Her daughters were mostly raised by David and Anna Bronstein, Trotsky's wealthy parents, in Yanovka, Ukraine. Sokolovskaya raised her granddaughter, Aleksandra, from 1932-35 after the latter's mother, Zinaida Volkova, was allowed to leave the country in 1931 and her father, Zakhar Moglin, was arrested in 1932. According to the family, Sokolovskaya was an educator and was close to Lenin's widow, Nadezhda Krupskaya, in the early 1930s.

Sokolovskaya was arrested and exiled in 1935. She was last seen in a Kolyma labor camp by Nadezhda Joffe, Adolph Joffe's daughter.