Princess Philippine Charlotte of Prussia

Prussian princess
The basics

Quick Facts

IntroPrussian princess
PlacesRussia
wasPrincess Noble
Work fieldRoyals
Gender
Female
Religion:Lutheranism
Birth13 March 1716, Berlin, Germany
Death16 February 1801Brunswick, Lower Saxony, Germany (aged 84 years)
Star signPisces
Family
Mother:Sophia Dorothea of Hanover
Father:Frederick William I of Prussia
Siblings:Frederick II of Prussia Prince Augustus Ferdinand of Prussia Prince Henry of Prussia Prince Augustus William of Prussia Anna Amalia Abbess of Quedlinburg Louisa Ulrika of Prussia Princess Sophia Dorothea of Prussia Princess Friederike Luise of Prussia Wilhelmine of Prussia Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
Spouse:Charles I Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Children:Charles William Ferdinand Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Duchess Sophie Caroline Marie of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Duchess Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Frederick Augustus Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Oels Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Crown Princess of Prussia Leopold of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Auguste Dorothea von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel Albrecht Heinrich von Braunschweig
The details

Biography

Princess Philippine Charlotte of Prussia (German: Philippine Charlotte von Preußen) (13 March 1716, in Berlin – 17 February 1801, in Brunswick) was a Duchess consort of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel by marriage to Charles I of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and a known intellectual in contemporary Germany. She is listed as a female composer as she is thought to have written marches and other music.

Life

Philippine Charlotte was the fourth child and third daughter of Frederick William I of Prussia and his spouse Sophia Dorothea of Hanover.

On 2 July 1733 in Berlin, Princess Philippine Charlotte married Duke Charles of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, eldest son of Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Charles inherited the dukedom on his father's death in 1735, making her Duchess consort.

The double marriage alliance between Prussia and Brunswick by her marriage to Charles I, and that of her brother Frederick to Charles' sister Elisabeth Christine, led to a permanent alliance of the most important North German Protestant houses Prussia and Brunswick. The family ties of the two dynasties resulted the alliance of Brunswick and Prussia in the Seven Years' War, and the career of Philippines sons in the Prussian service.

Philippine Charlotte was described as subtle, highly educated and a child of the enlightenment. She worked independently of an extract of the philosophical writings of Christian von Wolff in French. The Duchess pursued, partly because of the influence of the ducal adviser Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Jerusalem, the German intellectual life very closely. She appreciated the poet Salomon Gessner and maintained a personal relationship Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock. The dramatist Lessing were also among her circle.

As Duchess consort, Philippine Charlotte's court life focused on the circle of conversation she held before and after dinner in her state apartments in the Grauer Hof, to which she attracted scholars and men of letters with positions at court. The Brunswick court attended a few opera performances and public balls a year in accordance with court etiquette, but the large expenditure of her spouse soon made it necessary to have a more economic court life.

She raised her son Charles in reverence of her brother, Frederick of Prussia, gave him a humanist education with Abbé Jerusalem among his tutors, and sent him on a Grand Tour with the archaeologist Winckelmann as his companion.

In 1773, Charles I was obliged to make his son regent, and in 1780, he died, and was succeeded by her son.

The Swedish Princess Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte described her, as well as her family, at the time of a visit in August, 1799:

Our cousin, the Duke, arrived immediately the next morning. [...] After he left us, I visited the Dowager Duchess, the aunt of my consort. She is an agreeable, highly educated and well respected lady, but by now so old that she has almost lost her memory.

Philippine Charlotte left to the Wolfenbüttel Library her own collection of 4,000 volumes.

Issue

Issue
NamePortraitLifespanNotes
Charles II
Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
9 October 1735-
16 October 1806
Married Princess Augusta of Great Britain, had issue
Georg Franz
29 September 1736-
10 December 1737
Died in infancy
Sophie Caroline Marie
Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
7 October 1737-
21 December 1817
Married Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth and had no issue
Christian Ludwig
13 November 1738-
12 April 1742
Died in infancy
Anna Amalia
Duchess of Saxe-Weimar and Eisenach
24 October 1739-
10 April 1807
Married Ernest Augustus II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and had issue
Frederick Augustus
29 October 1740-
8 October 1805
Married Princess Friederike Sophie Charlotte Auguste of Württemberg-Oels and had no issue
Albrecht Heinrich
26 February 1742-
8 August 1761
Died unmarried;
Luise
18 December 1743-
22 February 1744
Died in infancy
Wilhelm Adolf
18 May 1745-
24 August 1770
Died unmarried;
Elisabeth Christine
Crown Princess of Prussia
8 November 1746-
18 February 1840
Married Frederick William, Crown Prince of Prussia and had issue

The marriage was dissolved in 1769

Friederike
8 April 1748-
22 January 1758
Died in infancy
Augusta Dorothea
Abbess of Gandersheim
2 October 1749-
10 March 1810
Maximilian Julius Leopold
11 October 1752-
24 April 1785
Died unmarried

Ancestry

Ancestors of Princess Philippine Charlotte of Prussia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. George William, Elector of Brandenburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8. Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17. Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4. Frederick I of Prussia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18. Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9. Countess Luise Henriette of Nassau
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19. Countess Amalia of Solms-Braunfels
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2. Frederick William I of Prussia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20. George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10. Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21. Landgravine Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5. Princess Sophia Charlotte of Hanover
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22. Frederick V, Elector Palatine
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11. Sophia of the Palatinate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23. Princess Elizabeth of Scotland
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1. Princess Philippine Charlotte of Prussia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24. George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg =20, 28
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12. Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg =10
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25. Landgravine Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt =21, 29
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6. George I of Great Britain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26. Frederick V, Elector Palatine =22
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13. Sophia of the Palatinate =11
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27. Princess Elizabeth of Scotland =23
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3. Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28. George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg =20, 24
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14. George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29. Landgravine Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt =21, 25
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. Sophia Dorothea of Celle
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30. Alexandre d'Esmier d'Olbreuse
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15. Éléonore Desmier d'Olbreuse
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31. Jacquette Poussard du Bas Vandré
 
 
 
 
 
 
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