James Martin or Jim Martin may refer to:
Academics
- James Cullen Martin (1928–1999), American chemist
- James E. Martin (born 1932), university president at the University of Arkansas and Auburn University
- James Kirby Martin (born 1943), professor of history
Actors, musicians, and other performers
- James Martin (English actor) (born 1992), actor on EastEnders
- James Martin (Scottish actor), actor on Still Game
- James and Tom Martin (born 1977), English twin musicians
- Jim Martin (musician) (born 1961), guitarist formerly with Faith No More
- Jim Martin (puppeteer) (active from 1970s), puppeteer on Sesame Street
- Jimmy Martin (1927–2005), bluegrass musician
Judges and lawyers
- James Loren Martin (1846–1915), U.S. federal judge
- James Robert Martin, Jr. (1909–1984), U.S. federal judge
- James Martin (attorney), U.S. Attorney in Missouri
Military figures
- James Green Martin (1819–1878), Civil War Confederate brigadier general
- James Martin, II (1826–1918), American Medal of Honor recipient
- James Martin (Australian soldier) (1901–1915), youngest Anzac to serve at Gallipoli
- James Stewart Martin (military), Chief of the Decartelization Branch for Military Government in Germany after World War II
Politicians
- James Martin (Australian politician) (1820–1886), Premier of New South Wales
- James Martin (New South Wales politician) (1850–1898), member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for South Sydney and Sydney-Bligh
- James Martin (South Australian politician) engineer and politician of Gawler, South Australia
- James Martin (Irish politician) (1905–1969), Fianna Fáil Senator from 1965–69
- James Martin (Maine politician) (born 1965), state legislator from Maine
- James D. Martin (born 1918), U.S. Representative from Alabama
- James G. Martin (born 1935), North Carolina governor
- James Stewart Martin (congressman) (1826–1907), U.S. Representative from Illinois
- Jim Martin (Georgia politician) (born 1945), Democratic nominee for U.S. Senator from Georgia
- Jimmy Martin (politician) (born 1938), American politician from Alabama
Religious leaders
- James S. Martin (reverend), anti-Mormon preacher
- James A. Martin (1902–2007), American Jesuit priest
- James Martin (priest) (born 1960), Jesuit writer
Sportspeople
- James Martin (American football) (born 1944), head college football coach at Tuskegee University
- James Martin (cricketer) (1848-1913), Australian cricketer
- James Martin (footballer, born 1898) (1898–1969), English footballer
- James Martin (footballer, born 1994) (born 1994), Scottish footballer
- James Martin (ice hockey) (born 1991), Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman
- James Martin (rugby league) (born 1987), British rugby player
- Jim Martin (American football) (1924–2002), College Football Hall of Fame member
- Jim Martin (Australian footballer) (born 1884), Australian rules player at multiple clubs
- Jimmy Martin (American football) (born 1982), National Football League guard
- Jimmy Martin (golfer) (1924–2000), Irish golfer
- Jimmy Martin (ice hockey) (born 1988), American professional ice hockey defenceman
- James Martin (footballer, born 1893) (1893-1940), Scottish footballer
Writers
- James Martin (author) (1933-2013), computer systems design author, writer
- James Martin (philosopher), Scottish writer in the 16th century
- James Conroyd Martin, historical fiction writer
- James J. Martin (1916–2004), American historian, wrote on anarchism
Others
- James Martin (chef) (born 1972), British celebrity chef
- Sir James Martin (engineer) (1893–1981), inventor of the modern aircraft ejection seat
- James Martin (trade unionist) (1850-1933), British trade unionist and politician
- James Ranald Martin (1796–1874), surgeon in India
- James R. Martin (born 1951), producer and director of documentaries Wrapped In Steel and Fired-up!
- James Slattin Martin, Jr. (1920–2002), project manager for the Viking program
- Dr James Martin (explorer), prominent during the 1860s for his exploration of North-West Australia and contributions to naturalism
- James Martin (convict) (born ca 1760), First Fleet convict who escaped to the Dutch East Indies
Institutions
- Martin High School (Arlington, Texas), aka James Martin High School, a high school in Arlington, Texas
- James Martin & Co - South Australian engineering firm