James Anthony Sharkey (born 1945, Derry, Northern Ireland) is an Irish historian and diplomat.
He was born and educated in Derry and worked as a teacher in Stepney, Derry and Dublin.
Sharkey holds degrees in Russian and Russian history from University College Dublin and Birmingham University. He is the author of works about folk history in Inishowen, Scots Gaelic, the Russian peasantry and Lafcadio Hearn.
In 1970 he joined the Irish diplomatic service. He served as Irish ambassador to a number of countries. The following list may be incomplete
1987–1989 Ambassador to Australia
1989-1995 Ambassador to Japan
1997–2001 Ambassador to Denmark with concurrent accreditation to Iceland and Norway
2001–2003 Ambassador to Russia with concurrent accreditation to Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrghyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan
2007–2009 Ambassador to Switzerland with concurrent accreditation to Liechtenstein and Algeria
As Permanent Representative to the Council of Europe, Strasbourg, he chaired the Human Rights Committee and defended the leading role of the European Court of Human Rights.