Arthur Johnson Mellott (August 30, 1888 – December 29, 1957) was a United States federal judge.
Born in Wallula, Kansas, Mellott received an LL.B. from Kansas City School of Law in 1917. He was an assistant U.S. Attorney of the District of Kansas from 1917 to 1918, and was in private practice in Kansas City, Kansas from 1919 to 1922. He was a judge on the City Court of Kansas City from 1923 to 1924, and a county attorney of Kansas City from 1927 to 1929. From 1934 to 1935 he was a deputy commissioner of internal revenue in Washington, D.C. He was appointed to the United States Tax Court in 1935, serving on that body until 1945.
On November 13, 1945, Mellott was nominated by President Harry S Truman to a new seat on the United States District Court for the District of Kansas, created by 59 Stat. 545. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on November 27, 1945, and received his commission two days later. He served as chief judge from 1948 until his death in 1957.