Abdul-Aziz bin Muhammad

Imam Abdul Aziz bin Muhammad bin Saud (Arabic: عبد العزيز بن محمد بن سعود ‎‎) (d. 1803) was the second ruler of the First Saudi State and son of Muhammad bin Saud. He was also the son-in-law of Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab. He ruled from 1765 until 1803.
It was he who built an empire starting from 1786.

Kingship

During his reign, the domain of the House of Saud extended into Riyadh with Abdul Aziz's victory there. This victory allowed the House of Saud to rule all of Najd. Their military success and orthodox approach to religion won them great support in the area. Their standing was also boosted by Abdul Aziz's practice of holding open meetings where tribal elders could meet with him, allowing access to their ruler.

Massacre and plundering of Shia shrines

In 1801 (1216 Hijri), the Emirate of Diriyah (1st Saudi state) under his rule attacked Karbala and Najaf in Iraq. They massacred thousands of the Shia population, stole enough precious loot to load 4,000 camels, and destroyed the dome over the tomb of Husayn ibn Ali. This earned Abdul-Aziz the name of "the Butcher of Karbala".

Death

In 1803, Abdul Aziz was assassinated by a man from A'amarah in Iraq by a stiletto, when Abdul Aziz was leading Asr Salat in Dir'aiyah.